Facts and Features of Australian Wallaby

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Diprotodontia
Family: Macropodidae
Genre: Macropus
Scientific Name: Macropus
Type: Mammals
Diet: Herbivores
Size: them 30-180cm (12-71in)
Weight: 1-20 kg (2,2 - 44 lbs)
Maximum speed: 48 kmh (30 mph)
Life Span: 12-15 years
Lifestyle: Herd
Preservation Status: Least Concern
Color: Gray, Brown, White, Tan, Red
Skin Type:Fur
Favorite Diet: Herbs
Habitat: Forest and Scrubland
Average Litter Size: 1
Main Prey: Herbs, fruits, leaves
Attackers: Dingo, fox, large reptiles
Special Features:sociable animal

The wallaby is a small to medium sized marsupial found on the Australian continent and its surrounding islands.Today there are huge populations of wild wallaby inhabiting in other regions of world where the wallaby has been appeared by humans.

The wallaby is most closely associated with Australia 's largest marsupial ,the kangaroo.The wallaby is generally smaller than a kangaroo  although some have come to reach around 6 feet height.

There are around 30 different species of wallaby found in a variety of habitats across the Australian continent.Wallaby habitats are so diverse that wallaby species are often named after their daily habits and includes rock wallaby ,the brush wallaby and shrub wallaby.Other species , like the hare wallaby are named for their size and appearance .

The wallaby has strong and powerful legs for which it  hops in order to move.The forearms of the wallaby are much smaller as they are mainly used for food and occasionally to help with balance.The tail of the wallaby is often long as compared to it's body and plays a key role as an aid for balance and is often used in self- defence animal than forages on the ground for seeds and fallen fruits.Grasses are main diet of wallaby, along with low tree leaves and shrubs and berries.It is a very sociable animals and can often be seen foraging for food with other individuals wallaby .

Due to large size,the wallaby has few natural predators within their surroundings.Canines such as dingoes and foxes and  large reptiles like crocodiles and snakes are the main attackers to wallaby.The wallaby is able to protect itself from predators by hitting them with its long and strong tail.

The wallaby is a marsupial  means that the female has a pouch on her tummy in which it raise her child.The female one gives birth to a single baby (sometimes twins) , known as Joey , after a gestation period of only one month.The joey then crawls up on its mother's pouch ,where they cared until fully grown.

Facts and Features of Northern Hemisphere Fox

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Carnivora

Family: Canidae

Genre: Vulpini

Scientific Name: Vulpes vulpes

Type: Mammals

Diet: Carnivorous

Size (L): 40cm - 83cm (16 inches - 33in)

Weight: 5 kg - 11 kg (11 lbs - 24 lbs)

Maximum speed: 48 kmh (29 mph)

Life Period: 3-11 years

Lifestyle: Solitary

Preservation Status:Threatened

Color: Brown, Black, Tan, Red

Skin Type:skin

Favorite food:Rabbit

Habitat: areas of forests and urban parks

Average Litter Size: 5

Prey also:rabbits, birds, lizards

Attackers: Humans, bears, Águilas

Distinguishing features: pointed ears and long thick tail

The fox is a  carnivours dog, usually lives in urban areas of the city in the northern hemisphere.The fox is a nocturnal mammal, which means that the fox only goes out at night to hunt for prey.Wild Foxes usually live about 6-7 years, but some foxes have been known to be 13 years in captivity.Fox hunts mouse and other small mammals and birds, but foxes seem to enjoy all insect species.

A fox is generally smaller than other members of the dog family like wolves, jackals and domestic dogs. Foxes can be a pest in cities such as foxes are often seen tearing away.

There are about 12 different species of foxes found throughout the world, including the urban fox or red fox, arctic white fox , sand fox, which is  light-colored fox found in desert areas and the tiny yet big eared Fennec fox.

Foxes in Europe are  being hunted by a controversial sports that involves riding humans on horses for hunting the fox, lead by a pack of hound dogs, following fox.Fox hunting in this way is illegal, but still allowed if the sports only contains humans on horseback,without the use of their smart but dangerous dogs.

The fox is also found in  rural areas of the Northern Hemisphere,although population of  foxes in the countryside are outnumbered by Foxes in cities like because foxes scavenging nature, the food is more plentily available on  urban roads.

Facts and Features of Central and South American Vampire Bat

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera
Family: Phyllostomidae
Scientific Name: Desmodontinae
Common name: Vampire Bat


Classification and evolution of Central and South American Vampire Bat

The vampire bat is a small bat species ,habitats in  tropical regions of Central and South America.There are three sub ​​- species of vampire bat, all of which are in a genus of its own despite their similarities.The common vampire bat , Hairy- Legged vampire Bat and White Vampire Bat - with wings are closely related and have the same eating habits only because they are the only mammals known to feed exclusively on blood.Eventually, vampire bats are perfectly adapted to the consumption of their only source of food ,with a light heat sensor at end of the nose to detect when blood is flowing hot closest to the skin.

Anatomy and appearance of Central and South American Vampire Bat

The vampire bat is  a small animal and his body rarely grows larger than the size of a human thumb .It's wings are long  like bone of fingers that are covered by a thin layer of skin, with a thumb claw peeking out the front and used for better grip when climbing around its host.Vampire bats have dark brown to gray furry bodies with a lighter underside and strong limbs that allow them to easily  crawl on the floor. As with other bats ,vampire bats use echolocation to determine their environment.While flying  they produce high-pitched sounds that bounce off objects in the area, and  this bounced -back sound  allows the bat to find out where the things around (which is so acute that can not be heard by people ) .

Distribution and Habitat of Central and South American Vampire Bat

The vampire bat is found throughout the continent of South America from Mexico to the tip of Argentina . Vampire bats are found in both tropical and subtropical regions and also can habitat on wet and dry climates. Many bats are nocturnal and also vampire bat ,spending daylight hours resting in hollow trees ,caves  mines and even abandoned buildings in colonies that may be more than 1,000.Although other species of bats are known to nest in the same places as the vampires , it is believed that the other species tend to keep distance between them to avoid the conflict .

Lifestyle of Central and South American Vampire Bat 

After sleeping  all day in darkness,vampire bats roams when the moon appears in order to find diet.Despite being solid and strong fliers, the design of their arms and legs means they can also move into the ground with surprising speed.Vampire bats flies around a meter above the ground in search of a warm-blooded animal , and once they  found, they land over it.The vampire bat usually creeps up sleeping victim , before biting and feeding on the  flowing blood .Vampire bats tend to be solitary hunters, but roost together in colonies that typically contain about 100 bats, and consisting of alpha males and their harems of about 6 females and their babies.

Reproduction and Life Cycles of Central and South American Vampire Bat

Vampire Bats mate the whole year and is known to have a very long gestation period compared to other species. After 3 to 4 months, the female vampire bat gives a single baby and she cares until weaned at between 3 and 5 months old (babies born in captivity bats are weaned significantly later, when they are 9 months age). Like other mammals, the young vampire bats feed on their mother 's milk until they are old enough to consume adult diet and an adult weight of around one year.The female vampire bats are very careful like a mother, known caring and adopt orphans from the colony.The life span of Vampire bat can grow up to 12 years in the wild , though captive individuals have been known to almost reach an age of 20 years.

Diet and Prey of Central and South American Vampire Bat

Vampire Bats use echolocation ,sound and smell to find their prey which can be up to 10,000 times the size of this small predator, and that is why vampire bats have evolved to take some precautions when eating. First, they never land on their prey ,but the interior of the earth on the floor and crawl around to it which are able to detect the veins near the skin surface with precision  thanks to its nose with sensor heat .Vampire bats uses its  sharp teeths , then vampire bat bites its host, immediately jump back in case the animal is awake. Contrary to popular belief , vampire bats do not suck blood from their victims  but lap inside using tongue as it flows from the wound. Chemicals in vampire bat saliva  stop blood clotting and numb the area of ​​skin around the bite to prevent the guest feel anything.

Predators and threats of Central and South American Vampire Bat

Despite being a unique and versatile predator itself  ,the vampire is still prey to other animals , it can be hunted  in the air as he goes hunting at night.Large birds such as hawks and eagles are the most common predators of vampire bat and also snakes hunting bats in their dark caverns while they sleep during the day. Human beings are the greatest threats  mainly farmers who are known to poison bats usually feed their livestock.These poisons (known as vampiricides ) are specially designed to spread throughout the colony through social grooming , killing hundreds of them at once .

Interesting Facts and Features of Central and South American Vampire Bat

Vampires feed exclusively on warm-blooded animals ,drink one teaspoon ( 25 ml ) of blood for every 30 minutes.Once having feasted on their host but then bats are so swollen that they can barely fly with their weight almost be doubled. It is said that in just one year  a colony of medium sized vampire bat can drink the blood of 25 cows , but their metabolism is so fast you have to feed every two days to ensure their survival (blood is very nutritious containing high amounts of water ) .About 20 teeth in the mouth of the Bat are redundant due to their liquid diet , in addition to the pair of sharp incisors at the front used for biting.

Relationship with humans of Central and South American Vampire Bat

The vampire bat is one of the few species of bats are considered a pest by humans .Farmers in particular have a very strained relationship with these flying mammals that feed their cows at night .Although the amount of blood drawn by the stick is minimal and does not harm the animal, but  biting  can cause problems to become diseased .Farmers have not only tried to poison entire colonies , but also known to destroy their daytime lairs using dynamite , often eliminating thousands vampire bat, and a number of other species. Tales fiction vampire bats and their feeding habits also increased excessively exaggerated superstition about them.

Conservation Status  of Central and South American Vampire Bat

The  three subspecies have been listed as Least Concern for extinction in the wild in the immediate future due to the fact that are widespread and feed on a variety of warm-blooded animals Deforestation of their natural habitat , along with persistent human efforts to eradicate colonies  in turn however, have led to the decline of the population in some areas. Scientists have also discovered that while the anticoagulant found in bat saliva , is more effective in preventing blood clotting any medication , so it could have significant positive implications for patients of heart attacks.

Facts and Features of South American Uakari

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Pitheciidae
Genre: Cacajao
Scientific Name: Cacajao
Common name: Uakari
Group: Mammal
Number of species: 4
Location: Amazon River Basin
Habitat: Part-flooded forest
Color: Red, Brown, White, Black
Skin :Fur
Size (L): 38cm - 57cm (15 inches - 22.5in)
Weight: 3 kg - 3.5 kg (6.5 pounds - 7.75lbs)
Diet: Omnivore
Prey: fruit, leaves, insects
Attackers: hawks, snakes, Human
Lifestyle: Daytime
Group Behavior: Troop
Life: 16 - 22 years
Age of sexual maturity: 3 - 6 years
Gestation period: Unknown
Average Litter Size: 1
Young Name: Infant
Weaning age: 3 - 5 months
Preservation Status: Vulnerable
Estimated Population: Unknown
Major Threat: Hunting and habitat loss
Special feature: the hairless face and forehead

Funny Fact: Have a very short tail for it's size!

Classification and evolution of South American Uakari Facts

The Uakari is a species of monkey, survives in tropical rainforests of South America, where they tend to be found in the moisture added forest that is near the water.The Uakari is best known for it's naked face that most often ranges from pink to dark red in colouration.There are four different species of Uakari,which are red (Calvo) Uakari, the Black-Headed Uakari ,Ayres Black  Uakari and Neblina Uakari, all of which are very similar in appearance but differ somewhat in color and skin .The Uakari name is actually pronounced "wakari",common name and scientific name of this monkey believed to be derived from the indigenous languages​​.

Anatomy and appearance of South American Uakari Facts
The Uakari is a small-size primate growing to an average length of 45 cm and a weight of about 3 kg. Uakari tail is very short in relation to their body size, and in particular small compared with other species of monkeys of South America.depending on the species, skin covering the body of Uakari is long and thick and tends to vary in color, red, brown, to black, to white. The Uakari hairless face is its most distinctive, and can be bright red in some of them (though generally varies from pink to red, and may be pale or black in some species).It's hands and feet are strong and agile with opposable thumbs that allow Uakari stick to fruits and tree branches.

Distribution and Habitat 

The  Uakari is found in tropical forest of Amazon River basin in Brazil and Peru, and in some parts of south Colombia.Separate species tend to be easier to be characterized by different locations, and this is also true for the sub-species of Bald Uakari .The White Uakari lives in northwest of Brazil, the golden Uakari on the border of Brazil and Peru, the red Uakari on the border of Brazil and Colombia, with  Pale-Backed red Uakari lives in little further east.The Uakari usually found in the forests that fringe freshwater sources such as rivers, streams and lakes. They like Partial flooded forest that is flooded permanently or seasonally, however, forest areas bordering the major rivers.

Behavior and lifestyle of South American Uakari Facts

Unlike many other species of monkeys, the Uakari not use short tail to hang from the trees or to help jump, but still useful for balance. They spend much of their highest point in the canopy and jump from tree to tree using only their arms and strong legs. Like many primates however, the Uakari known to walk on all four limbs of his rare trips to the forest floor. The Uakari live in troops in jungle environment that usually contain between 10 and 30 members (although they can be up to 100 strong), which are males, females and their young. Although they spend much of their time together in the trees, in regard to the search for food, the troops Uakari divided into smaller groups to feed.

Reproduction and Life Cycles of South American Uakari Facts

The Uakari tends to breed between the months of October and May , when the women leaves attractive smell  to attract a male.Once it is done, the Uakari female gives birth to a single baby after a gestation period which is still unknown ,but may do so every two years.Baby Uakari are incredibly small and vulnerable at birth ,clinging to his mother during the early months and feeding on milk.They are weaned at an age of around four months when they begin to forage with the troop of soft fruits and seed pods .The Uakari tend to live for 20 years, but the rates of population growth are not particularly faster due to  the females inbreeding capacity  until three years of age, and males at six.

Diet and Prey of South American Uakari Facts

The Uakari has an omnivorous diet and therefore takes a collection of both plants and small animals.Despite this, the Uakari eats mainly fruit along with the leaves and insects for it's diet . The Uakari get most of their food from the top of canopy, but feed on the forest floor for seeds , roots and lizards when food is scarce in the trees. Because for it's predominantly a fruit-based diet ,the Uakari plays a vital role in  native ecosystem by spreading seeds around the forest .

Predators and Threats of South American Uakari Facts

Living on top of the forest canopy, and occupy these areas sometimes very large groups , the Uakari has few predators with the highest threat of Birds Of Prey .Other species that live in trees, such as large snakes and monkeys also take advantage of the Uakari and more particularly ,to their young ones. Humans are , however the greatest threat of Uakari as they have been hunted for food.The jungle habitat of Uakari is also under threat due to large levels of logging for timber industry over the Amazon.

Interesting Facts and Features of South American Uakari Facts

Despite not having a very long tail to cling to the branches with Uakari strong hind legs enable them to be able to jump amazing distances .Jumping on his hind legs between branches , the Uakari can jump up to 20 meters from tree to tree .The color and naked face of  Uakari is ,by far his most distinctive feature , but the exact reason for this bright color is not till being found out.Theories range from mating reasons to be able to detect each other, but one thing is certain , it is that sick individuals face becomes pale and so the skin color actually acts as an indication of the health.The faces of the Uakari in captivity ,are also markedly paler than they would have been in wild.

Relationship of South American Uakari with  humans

While native tribes have inhabited the jungles of the Amazon basin, people and Uakari  know each other quite well .Until recently, the Uakari was seen by many people as a stable source of food, and have been regularly hunted by them primarily with poison-tipped darts.Also many of them were captured by local people to be kept as  pets or even sold.The Uakari now also under threat from humans ,especially deforestation whether for business or expanding human settlements.Huge of the Amazon parts are being cleared daily ,which means that many of the native species (and people) will lose their homes .

Status and Life Today of South American Uakari Facts

Today, despite Uakari different species are classified by IUCN somewhat differently , is generally considered vulnerable animals in their natural environment .Indigenous hunting and loss of habitat  are believed to be the two main reasons for the population figures in steady decline and is now found in small, isolated pockets of their natural habitats .

Facts and Features of Coastal Water Tang

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Acanthuridae
Genre: Zebrasoma
Common Name: Tang
Scientific Name: Acanthuridae
Origin: India, the Pacific
Diet: Omnivorous
Size (L): 16 cm - 40 cm (6 inches - 16 inches)
Water Type: Salt
optimum level of pH: 8.0 to 8.5
Duration of the life:12-15 years
Condition: Threatened
Color: Black, Yellow, Red, Blue, Silver
Skin: Scales
Favorite food: Seaweed
Habitat: superficial tropical coral reefs
Average clutch size: 40,000
Prey also: algae, fish, plankton
Attackers: Fish, eel, shellfish
Special features: Pointed snout and razor-sharp scalpel at the end of their tail

The tang is a small to medium sized fish found in warm coastal waters of the tropics.The tangs are well known for their bright colors and are closely attached to surgeon fish and unicorn fish.

There are around  80 species of tang,which lives in tropical waters of the southern hemisphere, as the largest species tang group , the white margin unicorn fish has been known to grow around a meter long.

Tangs are  found around shallow coral reefs where there is large supply of food and places to hide from predators.The tangs is the name due to  razor -sharp scalpel (also known as tang ) on the base of the tail. When tang gets  threatened ,hides in a crevice in  rocks and appears using  scalpel.Scalpel on the base of the tail  can also be used to defend if trapped.

Although the tang is an omnivorous animal ,but also has vegetarian diet .Tang feed mainly on algae and other plants around coral reefs and collect food particles from larger plankton inside water.Tang species later also eat small invertebrates and fish. Because  tang love algae, tang is also  seen with  sea turtles as they swim alongside them cleaning  algae from their shells .

For  its small size, the tang has many predators in the shallow marine environment , including larger fish, eels , sharks , crustaceans and large invertebrates such as jellyfish .Tangs are also kept in  artificial aquariums by humans.

The tangs are known to breed throughout the year in tropical regions ,starting with a male tang and securing himself with a temporary breeding territory of a pair or group of females.The female tang releases an average of 40 000 eggs in the water which are then fertilized by male.Baby tang are known as fry and comes out  in less than a week.

The tang  is one of the most popular species of marine fish which are kept in tanks and aquariums.People are charmed by the peaceful and gentle nature, along with their bright colors and the fact that the tang can live for a long time ( the average is between 12 and 15 years ),compared to other marine fish species of same size.

Tangs are not recommended to stay in small aquariums as tang has the potential to be quite large.The most common type of tang kept in salt water aquariums are the yellow one and bright blue regal tang but instead of  the fact that tangs are  popular ,they need to be well maintained and have to be kept in specific water conditions .

Facts and Features of American Sabre-Toothed Tiger

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Felidae
Genre: Smilodon
 Scientific Name: Smilodon settler
Type: Mammals
Diet: Carnivorous
Size (L): 2 m - 2.5 m (79in - 98in)
Weight: 300 kg (661 lbs)
Duration of the life: 20-40 years
Life Status: Pack
Preservation Status:Vanished
Vanished: 10,000 BC
Color: Tan, Brown,Yellow, Black,White
Skin Type:Skin
Favorite food: Deer
Habitat: Forests and grasslands
Average Litter Size: 3
Prey also: deer, bison,Woolly Mammoth
Attackers:Human Beings
Special features: Large muscular body and canines

The sabre- toothed tiger is one of the most famous prehistoric animals ,along with giants such as woolly mammoths .Sabre-toothed tigers roamed the Mid parts of U.S.A,North America and South America and were identified for dangerous canines showing skeletons,far out of his mouth .

Despite its name, the sabre- toothed tiger was not  related to modern tigers that are found in forests of Asia. It is believed that the sabre tooth tiger had wandered grassland plains and open woodlands throughout North America and South America, where individuals  varied slightly depending on the area they inhabited.

The sabre- toothed tiger is known as one of the best animals of the ice age but little is  known about them ,as it is believed to have become vanished around 10,000 BC , which is a quite a very  long decade. The sabre- toothed tiger was given name due to  the canines which can grow to more than 7 inches long and can cause serious injury to prey with a single bite .

Unfortunately , the color is not identified of  sabre-toothed tiger ,but is believed to have been of a similar color to the today's lion in Africa ( and is not closely related to ) .The sabre-tooth tiger also had a strong and muscular health which meant it could quickly grab on it's prey before using his teeth as knives to make injury to them.

In the same way as today's felines , the sabre- toothed tiger was a carnivorous animal and had been the dominant predator within its environment .Large herbivores such as deer and bison have been the most common prey of the saber- toothed tiger ,along with the occasional giant ,like a little woolly mammoth must cross their ranges ,although their approximate diet is still unknown.

The sabre-toothed cat had been the dangerous predator in their environment to have no natural predators on American areas .Humans are thought to be the most likely threats of this great cat and more than 2,000 saber-toothed tiger skeletons have been found emerged in soil near Los Angeles .

As with modern felines ,sabre- toothed tiger was breeding in warmer months of spring, when after a gestation period that can last up to 8 months, the female one gives birth to an average of 3 cubs per litter. Nothing is known about sabre tooth tiger cubs,but it was born blind  as cubs today.

It is believed that the sabre tooth tiger vanished over 12,000 years ago when human  first arrived in the Americas ,hunting this species till extinction. Although climate change could also be the cause of its extinction as very little known.

Facts and Features of Rabbit

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Lagomorpha

Family: Leporidae

Genre: Oryctolagus

Scientific Name: Oryctolagus cuniculus

Type: Mammal

Diet: herbivore

Size: 20-50cm (8-20in)

Weight: 0.5-3kg (6.6 lbs 1.1)

Maximum speed: 4 km / h (2.4 mph)

Life Span: 4-8 years

Lifestyle: Group

Conservation Status: Least Concern

Color: Brown, Tan, Gray, Black, White

Skin Type: Fur

Favorite Food: Clover

Habitat: thickets of the forest, meadows and forests

Average Litter Size: 6

Main Prey: Clover, Grass, crunchy vegetables

Attackers: Fox, snakes, large birds

Characteristics: long pointed ears and sharp sight, smell and taste

Rabbits are small mammals found  in Europe,South Africa,Sumatra and Japan.Rabbits  are also found in desert areas of the Middle East,where rabbits live in the greenest areas of the desert where there is enough food and water for the rabbits to live.

Rabbits are herbivores that depends mainly on grass,but also feeds nuts,berries,fruits and  vegetables.Rabbits dig burrows in the ground where the rabbit hides,makes food storage and also gives birth and raises babies.

Today, the rabbit is a popular pet especially for young children due to its calm and quiet nature.Rabbits are natures lawnmowers and can eat grass throughout the day .It is vital that rabbits eat enough grass as the grass is not only good for them but also helps keep teeth healthy and strong.Rabbit teeth grow consistently and if it is not able to chew things to keep them down, then the teeth can grow extremely long that often causes pain and death to the rabbit.

The average  life period of rabbit is  about eight years as a pet, but many wild rabbits do not live as long due to the fact that the rabbit is prey to many predators such as cats ,dogs and humans.Rabbits also are prone to myxomatosis ,a disease that causes the rabbit to develop tumors which results in death .Rabbit pets should be vaccinated against the disease every 6 months to a year, which prevents the disease from becoming fatal if the rabbit grabs it.

Rabbits are seen as a pest by farmers and gardeners alike due to its destructive nature when they are close to  lush vegetation. In Australia , the myxomatosis virus was introduced as pest control for the many rabbits that were eating  plants.

Today their are more than 50 different species of rabbit and the number continues to rise as the selective breeding of rabbits becomes more popular .The smallest species is the domestic rabbit mini lop that weighs about 5 pounds, and the largest species of domestic rabbit is the Flemish Giant rabbit , weighing from 5 kg to 9 kg and is the largest species of rabbit in the earth.

Rabbits are generally used as a symbol of fertility or rebirth and have been associated with spring and Easter as the Easter Bunny .Rabbits are well known for their rapid and successful breeding with the average gestation period of the rabbit is just over a month after giving birth to an average of 6 children .

Facts and Features of Forest Quail

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Aves

Order: Galliformes

Family: Phasianidae

Genre: Coturnix

Scientific Name: Coturnix Coturnix

Type: Bird

Diet: Omnivorous

Size (H): 11cm - 20cm (4.5in - 7.8in)

Wing Spread: 30cm - 37cm (12 inches - 14.6in)

Weight: 70 g - 140 g (2.4 oz - 4.9 oz)

Maximum speed: 24 km/h (15 mph)

Duration of the life: 3-5 years

Lifestyle: Solitary

Conservation Status: Less Concern

Color: Brown, Black, White, Blue

Skin architecture: Feathers

Favorite food: Seeds

Habitat:Woodland and forests

Average clutch size: 6

Main Food: Seeds, flowers, insects

Attackers: Los cats Serpientes, raccoons

Special features: small body  and bright colors of eggs

The quail is a small bird that lives in forests and woodland all over the world. There are believed to be more than 15 different species of quail and each species are found in different parts of the earth.They all have slight distinguishing appearances depending on how they have adapted to their surroundings.

Although it is a very small sized bird,quail belongs to the same birds family like pheasants.Quail vary in size depending on the species of the Japanese quail , which is about 10 cm tall to the largest mountain quail that can increase up to 25 cm tall.

Quail are generally solitary birds and spend most of their time either alone or as a couple with one another quail.During the mating season a large flocks of quail as family groups convoy in groups of up to 100 individual quails.The quail do not tend to migrate and therefore spend their whole life in the same surroundings.

In some parts of the world ,quails are kept as poultry ,for the small amount of meat and brightly coloured eggs.These tiny colored eggs are considered a delicacy in some parts of the world and can often be found on the menus of  restaurants.

When quail reach 2 months of age ,they are able to mate. Quail tend to breed in open areas,such as agricultural land and lay their eggs in the nests .Quail clutches can vary between 1-12 eggs ,depending on species and baby quail chicks comes out of eggs in less than a month .

Although quail are omnivorous animals ,they tend to have generally vegetarian diet eating seeds ,wheat ,barley ,flowers and fruit ,but also eat insects like worms and grasshoppers. About 93% of the quail diet is  of plant material.

The quail has many natural predators due to its small size.Snakes,raccoons ,foxes ,squirrels ,coyotes ,bobcats,skunks,dogs,cats, hawks,owls,rats and weasels are known to hunt quail or their eggs. Human society is also predator of the quail , but tend to eat those that have been bred commercially.

Facts and Features of Australian Pademelon

Kingdom: Animalia                                 

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Diprotodontia

Family: Macropodidae

Genre: Thylogale

Scientific Name: Thylogale

Type: Mammals

Diet: Herbivore

Size: 42-52cm (16.5-20.5in)

Weight: 3.5-12kg (7.7 - 26 pounds)

speed: 55 kmh (34 mph)

Life Span: 4-8 years

Lifestyle: Solitary

Preservation Status:Threatened

Color: Black, Brown, Grey, Red

Skin:Fur

Favorite food: Herbs

Habitat: dense forests and thickets

Average Litter Size: 1

Prey : grass, herbs, sprouts

Attackers: zorros, dogs, dingos

Special Features: short and thick tail, Pointed Nose

The pademelon is a small to medium sized forest dwelling marsupial found in Australia and a number of them it's surroundings.It is more closely related to the wallaby and kangaroo .There are seven different species of pademelon found in the jungles of  East, the population figures of the seven species are declining ,initially due to hunting and habitat loss.

The pademelon is a solitary and nocturnal animal signifying that, it spends day time by taking  rest, and goes in search of food in the hour of night. The pademelon is mainly found in the coastal regions of Australia , Papua New Guinea and Tasmania.

The pademelon spend much of their waking time,feeding on leaves, grasses, buds,berries and herbs in dense forests. Pademelons also venture in those shrublands where it has  less coverage to the party of lush plants , if there are no predators around.

In many forests inhabited by pademelon often no real predators out there, but the loss of habitat in the form of deforestation has caused Pademelon population numbers to decrease. In other areas, pademelon are prey upon by canines foxes, dingoes,domestic dogs and even the odd cat .

The pademelon inhabit the forests of Tasmania often have more of a variety of predators such as Tasmanian devils,big snakes,large birds of prey such as eagles,and even quolls .

The pademelon is a marsupial meaning that the female has a pouch on his belly to carry its kids .After mating ,the pademelon baby will be born just 30 days later, when he has to make his own way in its mother's pouch.

Then Baby pademelon spend next 6 months or so increasingly grows and develops inside the bag and eventually starts moving into the outside world.

Facts and Features of South American Ocelot

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Felidae
Genre: Leopardus
Scientific Name: Leopardus pardalis
Common Name: Ocelot
Otro nombre (s): Painted leopard
Group: Mammal
Number of species: 1
Found : South America
Habitat: Tropical forest, grasslands and wetlands
Color: Tostado, Yellow, Red, Gray, Black
Skin Type :Fur
Size (L): 55 cm - 100 cm (22 inches - 40 inches)
Weight: 11.5 kg - 16 kg (25 lbs - 35 lbs)
Maximum speed: 61kph (38 mph)
Diet: Carnivorous
Prey: rodents, lizards, deer
Attackers: jaguar, puma him, eagle harpía
Lifestyle: Night / Crepuscular
Group behavior: Solitary
Duration of the life: 8-12 years
Edad of sexual maturity: 2-3 years
It gestation period of 79-85 days
Average litter size: 2
Name of Young:Kitten
Edad del weaning: 6 weeks
Preservation Status: Least Concern
Estimated Population Size: 800,000
Major threats:Habitat Loss
More distinctive trait: rosettes, spots and stripes in the skin

Funny Info:Popularly known as painted leopard

Classification and Evolution of South American Ocelot 

The ocelot is a medium sized cat found in jungles of South America. The ocelot is popularly known as the Painted Leopard because the marks on it's skin as it shows dark rosettes with spots and stripes.Similar in colouration to much smaller , but nearly attached to Margay , the Ocelot was closely moved to extinction in the 20th century as they commonly killed for their skin. Today, however,the national protection in most of its natural range has made the Ocelot population has been able to recover a bit . The ocelot is a strong and agile cat , which not only can climb and run well, but also can swim quiet well,and they are not afraid of water, as many other cat species .

Anatomy and appearance of South American Ocelot 

The Ocelot is short and thick skin is usually velvety that is normally tawny-yellow to reddish-grey in color and marked with black rosettes on its back and sides. There are dark spots on their legs and stripes on the head and face, which are altogether a different characteristics for  the individual. They have a long tail that usually marked with dark rings and big legs relative to body size. As all feline species ( with the exception of the cheetah ) , ocelot can retract their claws into safety pockets that prevent them from being blunt , while Ocelot is walking around . Males tend to be collectively larger than females and can grow up to a meter long with a tail half of body size above that. The Ocelot contains sharply pointed front teeth are used to bite into their prey and blade -like teeth as on each cheek used for tearing food.

Habitat of South American Ocelot 

The Ocelot is found in tropical South America , but is most common in the jungles of the Amazon basin . They are , however , widely  spread and inhabit a variety of habitats from southern Texas to north parts of Argentina . The ocelot is a very adaptable animals that can be found in a variety of habitats, including tropical forests ,grasslands, mangroves and marshes and there should be a plenty of dense vegetation . Although Ocelot is generally below 1200 meters above sea level, are also known to live in the high slopes of the Andes and found at altitudes of up to 3,800 meters. Like all good swimmers, also sometimes found in flooded forests and have been reported to live near human settlements .

Temperament and lifestyle of South American Ocelot 

The ocelot is a solitary animal , which occupies an area of up to 30 square kilometers depending on the surroundings. Males tend to patrol areas that are often twice the size of females , "and one that overlaps with the areas of distribution of a series of women (with which man has breeding rights.) The ocelot is a nocturnal animal that spends its time sleeping well in dense vegetation or high , leafy branch .They have excellent sight, touch and hearing which helps to hunt at night, and communicate with each other using soft meows which turns to loud Yowls while finding a partner to mate.The ocelot is very secretive animal that is extremely rare in parts of its natural range and is based mainly in dense vegetation , only venturing outside during night.

Reproduction and Life Cycles of South American Ocelot 

At the heart of the tropics,ocelots are known to breed throughout the year ,but in the north and south natural range , the breeding season usually occurs towards the last of summer. After mating ,the female Ocelot find a crack in the rock , a tree hollow or nest in a dense and thorny  thicket for her to have a little privacy and protection as she prepares to give birth . After a gestation period of up to 85 days, the Ocelot woman will give birth to 2 or 3 kittens are born blind and have a thin layer of dark skin. Within a month ,Ocelot kittens see their surroundings and their skin becomes much denser and more colorful .Although Ocelot kittens reach maturity when they are a year old and are capable of becoming independent , are often tolerated in the range of her mother 's house for a couple of years before leaving to establish a own territory .

Diet and Prey of South American Ocelot 

The ocelot is a carnivorous animal that hunts for food at night and it is done by stalking prey mainly on the ground. Although small mammals such as rodents make up the largest part of their diet , which are known to hunt a variety of small animals such as rabbits , birds, fish, crabs , lizards and snakes and even small deer on occasion.The Ocelot is also known to eat monkeys , turtles ,armadillos and anteaters , but have been known to cause problems to kill domestic birds when not enough food available. As ocelot preys on many different animal species ,which are a vital part of local ecosystems and the extensive menu also helps them adapt more easily to different habitats.

Predators of South American Ocelot 

Other cats such as jaguars and pumas prey on the smaller Ocelot , along with the birds of prey such as the harpy eagle and the world's largest snake ,the Anaconda .Although its unique and distinctive coat Ocelot actually provides some camouflage in the dense vegetation surrounding it , but also the skin that has led to massive population declines throughout much of their historic range.Killed for their skin ( known as pelts ), particularly from the 1960s and 1980s , ocelot almost extinct in the wild , along with the fact that they were captured and kept as exotic pets.The time since the ocelot became a protected species  in many countries , the numbers have increased, but are now threatened by deforestation of their habitat.

Interesting Facts of South American Ocelot 

In a manner similar to many other species of small wild cat , the ocelot has been kept as a pet by many people around  history.The most famous of these was the abstract artist Salvador Dalí who was known to travel frequently with its domestic Ocelot.The Ocelot is also believed to have been worshiped by ancient Peruvian cultures ( similar to the ancient Egyptians worship cats), and these cultures is usually represented the beautiful Ocelot in their art work. The Ocelot is thought to be active for at least 12 hours a day and can travel distances of up to seven miles in that time ,with males generally covers twice the distance of their female.

South American Ocelot Relationship with humans 

The Ocelot was seen as a sacred animal by ancient cultures ,but its very well shaped and soft leather quickly attracted the attention of hunters. Ocelot Population figures were severely depleted throughout its natural range  during the 1960s and 1970s , when they thought they were so extensively hunted , as many as 200,000 skins were being traded every year and sell for around $ 40,000 . Despite being wild and dominant predators ,Ocelot has also been captured in the market selling as an exotic pets that fortunately left after Ocelot was included in the List of Endangered Species .Although the ocelot is protected in most countries of their natural range and numbers have increased , especially in certain areas populations are being severely affected by increasing human activity, mainly due to deforestation and the growing settlements .

Conservation Status and Life Today of South American Ocelot 

Today, the ocelot is listed by the IUCN as a species that is least concern for extinction in the wild in the near future . Although some populations are small and unstable , the ocelot is widespread, but the general trend of the population is decreasing. This is mainly due to habitat loss as areas  in the Amazon , which tends to deforestation and no longer provide dense cover and adequate food supply that Ocelot needs for living.

Facts and Features of Neanderthal

Neanderthal Facts

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genre: Homo
Scientific Name: Homo sapiens neanderthalensis
Type: Mammals
Diet: Omnivorous
Size: 152-167cm (60-66in)
Weight: 60-70kg (132-152 pounds)
Maximum speed: 8 km / h (5 mph)
Life: 35-50 years
Lifestyle: Group
Preservation Status: Extinct
Color: Brown, Tan, Black, White, Olive
Skin: soft
Favorite Food: Vegetables
Habitat: Home near rivers all over the world
Average Litter Size: 1
Diets: Vegetables, fruits, fish
Attackers: bears, lion, tiger
Special Features: walks on two feet and good communication skills

The Neanderthal is an old world, modern primate and today this traits  has no survival. It is believed that the Neanderthals roamed the lands of Asia and Europe for about 100,000 years.These traits are no longer visible to be in humans, the last known being 24,000 years ago in Portugal. However, regular and widely research has demonstrated the similarities between Neanderthal and humans.

Neanderthal cranial capacity was much larger than modern humans, judging by the size of the skulls found in the Neanderthal era. This indicates that the Neanderthal had a larger brain. The Neanderthal is known to be smaller than today's people and only came about 40 years at most.

Facts and Features of Macaroni Penguin

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Aves

Order: Sphenisciformes

Family: Spheniscidae

Genre: Eudyptes

Scientific name: Eudyptes Chrysolophus

Type: Bird

Diet: Carnivore

Size: 60-70cm (24-28in)

Wingspan: 80-100cm (31-39in)

Weight: 3.2-6.4kg (7 - 14 lbs)

Maximum speed: 35 kmh (22 mph)

Life Period: 15-20 years

Lifestyle:Group

Preservation Status: Threatened

Color: Black, white, brown, yellow

Skin Type: Feathers

Diet: Fish

Habitat: ice lands of  Sub-Antarctic Islands

Average Clutch Size: 2

Main Prey: fish, squid, crustaceans

Threats: Leopard seal, killer whale

Distinctive features: big red beak and yellow feathers on head

The macaroni penguin is a big sized species of penguin found in  sub - Antarctic areas.Macaroni penguin is one of six species of crested penguin and closely related to the Royal Penguin,by which some people class the two as came from same species.

The macaroni penguin spends most of his time during the coldest month of the winter by means of fishing where they are more protected from the bitter Antarctic winter conditions. However,when summer comes and temperature rises in the South Pole, the macaroni penguin migrate towards land to breed.

The macaroni penguin is the largest penguin species in the world, as there are approximately 18 million individual macaroni penguins.The macaroni penguin numbers decreased heavily in recent decades which provides that macaroni penguins is now considered as a vulnerable species.

Macaroni Penguins are one of the largest and heaviest species of penguins as the adult penguin average around 70 cm in height. The macaroni penguin also has a pair of very distinctive features, including a long red beak and a crest of feathers bright yellow colored at top of  head.

Like other penguin species , the macaroni penguin is a carnivorous animal as they only get food from surrounding water. The macaroni penguin spends six months in cold winter months hunting fish ,squid ,krill and crustaceans that macaroni penguins catches in his long beak .

The macaroni penguin only has a few natural predators in the icy Antarctic Ocean ,as there are only a number of animal species that can survive there .Leopard seals ,killer whales and sharks are the only attackers to macaroni penguins .

The macaroni penguin comes back  to the ground in summer months to breed. Macaroni penguins gather in large colonies that can contain up to 100,000 individual to lay their eggs .Female macaroni penguins usually lay two eggs a few days apart that hatch after around six weeks.Both male and female parents help to incubate the eggs and increase the chicks.

Facts and Features of Labradoodle Dog

Name: Labradoodle
Origin: Australia
Size: 50 cm (20 inches)
Weight: 34 kg (75 lbs)
Life Span: 12 years
Group: Dog Hybrid

Like most Labrador Retrievers and Poodles, Labradoodles are quiet friendly, energetic and good with families and children (although  temperament may vary between any dog's individual).Labradooddles are mixed breed dog and also known as a mutt.A labradoodle is a collection of Labrador and a poodle. People mix poodles with labradors not to look like a poodle rather than to look like a labrador.The labrador can be of any color and so can the poodle. Also you can use any size of a poodle.Labradoodles also often gives anxiety  for water and the strong swimming ability present in its two parent breeds. The labradoodle is also very intelligent.

Facts and Features of Kakapo

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Psittaciformes
Family: Nestoridae
Genre: Strigops
Scientific Name: Strigops habroptilus
Type: Bird
Diet: Omnivore
Size: 50-60cm (19.7-24in)
Weight: 2-4kg (4,5-9 pounds)
Life: 50-65 years
Lifestyle: Solitary
Preservation Status: Endangered
Color: Green, Brown
Skin Type: Feathers
Favourite food: Rimu fruit
Habitat: Areas of natural vegetation and the dense jungle
Average Litter Size: 2
Main Prey: Rimu fruit, flowers, roots, seeds
Predators: Humans, Cats, Stouts,rats
Distinguishing features: large body size and can not fly

The kakapo is one of the largest species of parrot in the world with the average adult kakapo grows to about 60 cm tall. The kakapo is the heaviest parrot species and due to this weight the kakapo is one of the few species of birds that can not fly.

The kakapo is found in  the forests of New Zealand and not found anywhere else in the world .It is believed that once thrived in  New Zealand habitat due to the fact that there were no mammals that hunt the kakapo , and this is thought to be another reason why the kakapo has evolved into a bird relying on ground.

Like many other species of animals found in the islands of New Zealand , the kakapo was of great importance to members of the local tribes and the kakapo appears in many tales and local folklore .The local people kill  the kakapo for their meat and feathers use to make clothes .

Due to the fact that the insecured kakapo was hunted by native and introduced predators such as cats , rats stout by European settlers , the kakapo population has been almost wiped out under 150 believed to have been  in early part of 2009 .The kakapo is now regarded as one of the critically endangered animal species on the earth.

The kakapo has short wings for its size and because it can not fly, the wings are used to help balance and for support when hopping around trees. The kakapo also uses its wings to help break its fall when the kakapo jumps to ground from the lower branches of the trees.

As with all other species of parrot, the kakapo has large scaly feet with two toes forward and two toes facing backwards. This helps the kakapo  to capture  tree branches when the kakapo is perching on them and together with the long, sharp claws of kakapo , kakapo assists in climbing trees .

The kakapo has a primarily herbivorous diet , eating seeds , nuts, fruits , berries and flowers. However, the kakapo is classified as an omnivore as the kakapo is known to eat insects and small reptiles from time to time . The kakapo is particularly fond of the fruit of the rimu tree and kakapo are known to feed exclusively on rimu fruit when they are in abundance.

The kakapo has large brown eyes and it is because of their big eyes that the kakapo is known as the owl parrot often. The shape of the head and beak of the Kakapo also redirects to the reason why the kakapo parrot is known as the owl.

During the mating season , male kakapo are often looking for a female partner and attract one using loud screams and elaborate signs . The Kakapo only breed in years when there is an abundant supply of food, so the kakapo breeding process can be slow. Kakapo breed later in life than most birds , the kakapo male reaches sexual maturity around 5 years and the kakapo woman may be almost 10 years before they can reproduce.

Kakapo tend to live very long lives with the average individual kakapo reach around 60. However, it is not uncommon for kakapo become much older and many individuals kakapo goes almost 100 years old .

Facts and Features of Ibis Bird

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Aves

Order: Ciconiiformes

Family: Threskiornithidae

Scientific Name: Threskiornithidae

Type: Bird

Diet: Omnivorous

Size (H): 50cm - 65cm (19.7in - 25in)

Spread: 80cm - 120cm (32in - 47in)

Weight: 0.3 kg - 2 kg (0.6 pounds - 4 pounds)

Life Period: 8-15 years

Lifestyle: Group

Conservation Status: Least Concern

Color: Black, White, Gray, Brown

Piel Type: Pens

Favorite food: Fish

Habitat: Marshes, swamps and wetlands

Normal clutch size: 2

Main Prey: fish, crabs, insects

Predators: hawks, herons,falcons

Distinguishing features: long beak and round body and neck

Ibis are a group of birds found worldwide,but is most common in temperate regions of the southern hemisphere . Ibis are best known for their long necks and beaks that help to collect food in the water .The Ibis are found inhabiting where large amounts of water is available.The ibis enjoys eating aquatic animals that prefer to be in areas such as swamps , marshes and wetlands where food is abundant .

Depending on the species there are about 30 different species of ibis found around the world , varying in size and color . The ibis may vary in size from small 5 cm high dwarf olive ibis to giant ibis that grow close to a meter high and inhabits in jungles of Cambodia and southern Laos parts.

Ibis in general is a sociable bird gather in large flocks to feed and find a partner during the mating season . Despite its relatively large size, many species of ibis takes rest on trees and not on the floor for security purpose.

Although the ibis is an omnivorous bird that feeds on plants and animals,but when there are plenty of aquatic species, ibis adopt to have carnivorous diet . Ibis kills fish , insects, small reptiles , frogs , small mammals and crabs , which the ibis collects from the mud using their long, pointed beak.

Due to the relatively large size,it  has few natural predators , as well as large predators that often steal the ibis eggs ,or young ones.Snakes are known to eat the ibis around the  world ,and also wild cats and foxes eats the Ibis.

During the mating season , the ibis female builds a nest in the tree that is made of sticks and reeds. Ibis makes nest near a river or a lake, with other water birds such as herons .

The ibis female lays up to 3 eggs that hatch after the incubation period of a few weeks. Ibis chicks are dependent on their mother for food and quickly develop which means that leave the nest when they are about 6 weeks old .

Facts and Features of Jack Russel

Name: Jack Russel

Origin: Germany

Size: 25 cm (10 inches)

Weight: 4 kg (8 lbs)

Life Span: 16 years

Group: Terrier

Jack Russell is the first and foremost a working terrier. Originally bred to bolt fox from their homes during the hunts, which are used on numerous ground-dwelling quarry such as groundhog, badger, and red and gray fox.

The Jack Russel Terrier work is required to locate quarry in the earth, and then either bolt or hold it in place until you are dug. To accomplish this, the dog must bark and work the quarry continuously.

Due to the conservation of this working ability is of paramount importance to most registered breeders Jack Russell tend to be extremely intelligent, athletic, fearless, and vocal dogs.

It is not uncommon for these dogs to become moody or destructive if not properly stimulated and exercised as they have a tendency to bore easily and often create their own fun when left alone to entertain themselves.

Facts and Features of Hammerhead Shark

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Chondrichthyes

Order: Carcharhiniformes

Family: Sphyrnidae

Genus: Sphyrna

Scientific Name: Sphyrna Zygaena

Type: Fish

Diet: Carnivore

Size: 3.5 to 6 meters (20 ft 11.5)

Weight: 230-450kg (500 pounds 1,000)

Maximum speed: 40 kmh (25 mph)

Life: 20-25 years

Lifestyle: Herd

Conservation Status: Threatened

Color: Grey, Brown, White

Skin type: soft

Favorite food: Fish

Habitat: Warm waters and continental shelves

Litter Size Average: 26

Main Prey: fish, squid, octopus

Predators: Tiger Shark, Great White Shark, Killer Whale

Special Features: Wide, flat head and large eyes

Hammerhead sharks are named due to their flat heads. Hammerhead sharks are large carnivorous fish that feed on large fish and occasionally hammerhead sharks hunt small aquatic mammals.These  sharks are found in the warmer waters of oceans worldwide but hammerhead sharks are mostly found in coastal waters and along  continental shelves. The shallow waters that allow hammerhead sharks  to hunt prey more easily .

There are 9 species of shark worldwide , ranging from 3 feet to 20 feet long! Hammerhead sharks do not  commonly known to attack humans, but can be aggressive if a human comes into contact.

The flat head shaped hammerhead is thought to allow  to detect prey more easily , increasing the sensitivity of Hammerhead to sonar activity . Hammerheads is believed that the use of sound waves detection in a manner similar to the five main senses , so its like the hammerhead shark has a sixth sense .

The head of hammerheads has two projections on either side of the face of the hammerhead , which gives the shark  head shape that resembles a hammer in an almost rectangular . The eyes and nose of hammerheads are on the ends of the hammer that allows the shark  to get a better look and smell of the surrounding waters.

Like other species of shark, hammerhead shark is a solitary hunter at night , but during the daytime hammerhead sharks are known to form groups  up to 100 individuals of  hammerhead Sharks .During the summer months  they are found in larger groups when hammerhead sharks are roaming  together in search of cooler waters .

The great hammerhead shark is the largest species of hammerhead shark and  few species of hammerhead shark that is dangerous to human beings. This is due to the large size of the great hammerhead and also because the hammerhead is known to have an aggressive temperament . Other hammerhead species tend to have little or no danger to humans,as  these shark species are generally much smaller than the great hammerhead and are a bit quiet in nature.

Facts and Features of Galapagos Penguin

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Aves

Order: Sphenisciformes

Family: Spheniscidae

Genre: Spheniscus

Scientific name: Spheniscus mendiculus

Type: Bird

Diet: Carnivore

Size (H): 48cm - 50cm (19 inches - 20 inches)

Weight: 2 kg - 4 kg (4.4 lbs - 8.8 lbs)

Life Span: 15 - 20 years

Lifestyle: Colony

Conservation Status: Endangered

Color: Black, White, Grey

Skin Type: Feathers

Favorite Food: Krill

Habitat: Rocky Ocean Islands

Average Litter Size: 2

Main Prey: krill, fish, shrimp

Attackers: Leopard seal, killer whale, sharks

Distinguishing Features: small body size and head completely black

The Galapagos penguin is the third smallest species of penguin in the world and is different, because it lives in north than any other species of penguins. The Galapagos penguin is believed to be closed to  African penguins and Humboldt penguins  found along the coasts of Peru and Chile. 

While ninety five percent of the world's Galapagos penguins live in the western islands of Fernandina and Isabela, you can also see in Santiago, Bartolome, northern Santa Cruz and Floreana. The north end of Ecuador Isabel crosses the equator, which means that these animals occasionally visit the northern hemisphere, and are the only species of penguin to do. 

The Galapagos penguin has a black head with a white border running from behind the eyes, around the black  ear coverts and chin , to join  throat. Galapagos penguins are blackish gray back and whitish underparts with two black bars across breast, with the lower band that spans the flank  in the thigh. 

Before the breeding, the Galapagos penguin molts, and can do it twice a year. While  moulting, they usually stay out of the water. They are able to go to the sea for food rather than starve, since the water is so hot in their area.As they moult  before breeding, Galapagos penguins are able to ensure they do not starve during the molting process. 

The Galapagos penguin is a carnivorous animal, like other penguin species, survives on a diet that only consists of marine animals. Krill and small crustaceans make up the majority of the Galapagos penguin diet along with larger organisms including squid and various species of fish. 

As its size is smaller in nature ,it has many predators both in the water and also when they are on land. On land, Galapagos penguins must keep an eye out for crabs, snakes, owls and hawks, while in the water avoid sharks, seals and sea lions.The Galapagos penguin has also been severely affected by human activity throughout the archipelago. 

On average calculation ,the Galapagos penguin breeds per year, forming couple that usually remain loyal to each other.The Galapagos penguin female lays two eggs which are incubated by both parents for 40 days,when only one of the eggs usually hatch. The Galapagos penguin chicks are fed and sheltered by their parents and remain with them until the chicks are nearly a year old. 

Today, the Galapagos penguin is  an endangered species, as like many species found around the islands, which are endemic to the area and do not grab comfortably to sudden changes in their environment.